COX v. LOUISIANA
Supreme Court Cases
379 U.S. 559 (1965)
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A Colorado statue establishes a 100-foot zone around the entrance to any "health care facility." Within this buffer zone, people may not, without consent "knowingly approach another person within 8 feet," for the purpose of passing out literature or engaging in "oral protest, education, or counseling" on a public sidewalk. The question is whether the First and Fourteenth Amendment rights of the speaker are abridged by the protection the statute provides for the unwilling listener.
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Does New Jersey鈥檚 public accommodation law violate the free speech and freedom of association rights of the Boy Scouts of America, a private group, by requiring it to admit a gay scoutmaster?
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Whether a public university can deny funds to a religious student group that it provides to nonreligious student groups.
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Whether the court-mandated inclusion of the Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston, Inc. (GLIB) in Boston鈥檚 1993 St. Patrick鈥檚 Day parade violated the First Amendment rights of the private group, the South Boston Allied War Veterans Council, that the city of Boston authorized to organize the parade.
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Whether Gregory Lee Johnson's conviction under a Texas law for publicly burning an American flag in protest violates the First Amendment.
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Whether a Brookfield, Wisconsin ordinance making it "unlawful for any person to engage in picketing before or about the residence or dwelling of any individual," and declaring that the primary purpose of the ban is to "protect[t] and preserve[e] the home" violates freedom of speech and expression under the First Amendment.
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Whether a law outlawing signs within 500 feet of a foreign embassy tending to bring the foreign government into "public odium " or "public disrepute" and gatherings that refuse to disperse violates the First Amendment.
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Whether a resolution banning all "First Amendment activities" at Los Angeles International Airport violates the First Amendment
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Whether the denial of a permit to protestors requesting to camp out in Washington D.C. parks, according to Park Service regulations, violated the protestors' First Amendment rights.
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Whether a federal statutewhich bans picketing and the distribution of leaflets on the public sidewalks surrounding the Supreme Courtviolates the 1st Amendment.
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Whether a public university鈥檚 interest in maintaining a "strict separation of church and state" allows it to bar religious student groups from reserving facilities for worship.
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Whether a 1934 federal statutewhich imposes a $300 fine on anyone who willfully deposits mailable matter in a letterbox without proper postageviolates the 1st Amendment free speech rights of organizations and individuals who spread their messages by putting pamphlets and other materials in private mailboxes.
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Whether a state, consistent with the First and Fourteenth Amendments, may confine religious organizations wishing to sell and distribute religious literature at a state fair to an assigned location within the fairgrounds.
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Whether a state statute that bars picketing of residences or dwellings, but exempts from its prohibition "the peaceful picketing of a place of employment involved in a labor dispute" violates the First Amendment because it is not content-neutral.
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Whether the 1st and 14th Amendments protect the right of individuals to solicit signatures for political petitions in privately owned shopping centers.
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Whether a city ordinancewhich bars door-to-door solicitation by charities that cannot prove that 75% of their proceeds go directly to charitable purposesviolates the 1st and 14th Amendment free speech rights of solicitors.
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Whether a government ban on political rallies on military bases violates the 1st Amendment.
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Whether a city-owned placard on the side of a city bus, which has been opened for commericial advertising use but not political advertising, is a public forum.
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Whether a conviction for affixing a peace symbol to a United States flag under a state statute prohibiting flag desecration violates the First Amendment.
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HESS v. INDIANA
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Whether a state may punish speech that is not part of 鈥渘arrowly limited classes of speech鈥 outside First Amendment protection (such as incitement, obscenity, or fighting words), and whether advocacy of illegal action at some indefinite future period qualifies as incitement.
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PLUMMER v. CITY OF COLUMBUS
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NORWOOD et al. v. HARRISON et al.
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POLICE DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO et al. v. MOSLEY
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Does a Chicago city ordinance which bans non-union picketing within 150 feet of a school building violate both the First Amendment and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?
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Whether the city鈥檚 鈥渁nti-picketing鈥 ordinance and 鈥渁nti-noise鈥 ordinance violated the First Amendment.
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Whether respondents, in exercise of asserted First Amendment rights, may distribute handbills in a private shopping mall contrary to the owner's wishes and contrary to a policy enforced against all handbilling.
COLTEN v. KENTUCKY
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GOODING, WARDEN v. WILSON
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Whether a Georgia criminal statute prohibiting 鈥渙pprobrious words or abusive language, tending to cause a breach of the peace鈥 violates the First Amendment.
COHEN v. CALIFORNIA
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Whether arresting someone for wearing a jacket that says 鈥淔uck the Draft鈥 under a California statute which prohibits 鈥渙ffensive conduct鈥 violated the First Amendment.
COATES et al. v. CITY OF CINCINNATI
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RADICH v. NEW YORK
Decided:
SCHACHT v. UNITED STATES
Decided:
ROWAN, DBA AMERICAN BOOK SERVICE, et al. v. UNITED STATES POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT et al.
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Whether a statute under which an individual can require a mailer to stop all future mailings that the person "believes to be erotically arousing or sexually provocative" violates the mailer's rights of free speech and due process.
BACHELLAR et al. v. MARYLAND
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COWGILL v. CALIFORNIA
Decided:
BRANDENBURG v. OHIO
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Whether an Ohio law prohibiting speech that advocates for illegal activities violated Brandenburg's First Amendment rights.
STREET v. NEW YORK
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Whether a New York statute that made it illegal to "publicly [to] mutilate, deface, defile, or defy, trample upon, or cast contempt upon either by words or act [any flag of the United States]" violates the First Amendment.
GREGORY et al. v. CITY OF CHICAGO
Decided:
SHUTTLESWORTH v. CITY OF BIRMINGHAM
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Whether a Birmingham city ordinance, which gave public officials the unbridled authority to issue or withhold parade permits without reference to the legitimate regulation of public streets and sidewalks, unconstitutionally abridged the petitioner鈥檚 First and Fourteenth Amendment rights.
TINKER et al. v. DES MOINES INDEPENDENT COMMUNITY SCHOOL DISTRICT et al.
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Whether the wearing of armbands by public school students as a form of symbolic speech is protected by the First Amendment.
UNITED STATES v. O'BRIEN
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Whether burning a draft card as part of an anti-war protest is symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.
AMALGAMATED FOOD EMPLOYEES UNION LOCAL 590 et al. v. LOGAN VALLEY PLAZA, INC., et al.
Decided:
Whether large shopping plazas are "public forums" where all citizens have a First Amendment right to petition and engage in peaceful expression. Picketing as protected free expression and the distinction between public forum v. property rights were also at issue.
EPTON v. NEW YORK
Decided:
WALKER et al. v. CITY OF BIRMINGHAM
Decided:
Must a protester, when faced with an injunction enforcing a facially unconstitutional ordinance, engage in an orderly judicial review of that injunction before disobeying it?
TURNER et al. v. NEW YORK
Decided:
ADDERLEY et al. v. FLORIDA
Decided:
Whether 1st and 14th Amendment freedoms give students the right to engage in peaceful protests on jailhouse grounds.
BROWN et al. v. LOUISIANA
Decided:
Whether a breach of the peace conviction arising out of a peaceful sit-in in a segregated library infringed upon the petitioners First Amendment free speech, assembly, and petition rights.
SHUTTLESWORTH v. CITY OF BIRMINGHAM
Decided:
HENRY v. COLLINS
Decided:
Whether the freedom of speech provisions of the First and Fourteenth Amendments protect a criminal suspect who makes a false statement about a police officer without "actual malice."
COX v. LOUISIANA
Decided:
Do statutory "disturbance of the peace" and "obstruction of public passageways" convictions, for a peaceable demonstration that contains speech that may potentially incite violence, infringe on a demonstrator's First Amendment rights to freedom of speech and assembly?
HENRY et al. v. CITY OF ROCK HILL
Decided:
NEW YORK TIMES CO. v. SULLIVAN
Decided:
To what extent does the First Amendment protections for speech and press limit a state's power to award damages in a libel action brought by a public official against critics of his official conduct?
FIELDS et al. v. CITY OF FAIRFIELD.
Decided:
GIBSON v. FLORIDA LEGISLATIVE INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE
Decided:
Whether the Florida Legislative Investigative Committee, in an attempt to inform itself about activities of subversive organizations, violated petitioners First and Fourteenth Amendment association rights.
FIELDS et al. v. SOUTH CAROLINA
Decided:
EDWARDS et al. v. SOUTH CAROLINA
Decided:
Whether the First Amendment was violated when civil rights protestors, marching in front of the state house, were arrested after refusing to disperse when a crowd gathered.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE v. BUTTON, ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VIRGINIA, et al.
Decided:
Whether a Virginia barratry statute which banned the improper solicitation of any legal or professional business unconstitutionally burdened the First Amendment freedom of association rights of the petitioner and petitioners clients.
GARNER v. LOUISIANA
Decided:
LOUISIANA ex rel. GREMILLION, ATTORNEY GENERAL, et al. v. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE et al.
Decided:
Whether a Louisiana statute, which requires that each local organization affiliated with an out-of-state association annually file an affidavit stating that none of its national officers are members of "subversive" organizations, violates the Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of freedom of association.
SHELTON et al. v. TUCKER et al.
Decided:
Whether a Louisiana statute which compels teachers in public institutions to disclose which organizations they belong or contribute to unconstitutionally burdens a teachers 14th Amendment right of free association.
BATES et al. v. CITY OF LITTLE ROCK et al.
Decided:
Whether The City of Little Rocks license tax ordinance which requires the compulsory disclosure of any local organizations membership list in order to verify its tax-exempt status unconstitutionally burdens the freedom of association of an organizations members
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE v. ALABAMA ex rel. PATTERSON, ATTORNEY GENERAL
Decided:
Did an Alabama law that required the NAACP to provide the names and addresses of all its members and agents in the state violate the First and Fourteenth Amendments?
BREARD v. ALEXANDRIA
Decided:
Whether a "Green River Ordiance" which bans the soliciting of individuals on their property without their consent violates the First Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment freedom of speech rights of magazine solicitors.
GIBONEY ET AL. v. EMPIRE STORAGE & ICE CO.
Decided:
"This case . . . raises questions concerning the constitutional power of a state to apply its antitrade restraint law to labor union activities, and to enjoin union members from peaceful picketing carried on as an essential and inseparable part of a course of conduct which is in violation of the state law. The picketing occurred in Kansas City, Missouri. The injunction was issued by a Missouri state court."
KOVACS v. COOPER, JUDGE
Decided:
Whether a municipal ban on the use of any sound system emitting "loud and raucous" noises on public streets violates the First and Fourteenth Amendments.
MARSH v. ALABAMA
Decided:
Whether a state, consistently with the First and Fourteenth Amendments, can impose criminal punishment on a person who undertakes to distribute religious literature on the premises of a company-owned town contrary to the wishes of the town's management.
CAFETERIA EMPLOYEES UNION, LOCAL 302, et al. v. ANGELOS et al.
Decided:
Does a California blanket primary law, that allows voters to cross party lines to vote in other parties' primaries, violate the First Amendment free association rights of political parties?
MARTIN v. CITY OF STRUTHERS
Decided:
Whether a local ordinance that prohibited any person from "distributing handbills, circulars or other advertisements to ring the door bell, sound the door knocker, or otherwise summon" a home dweller violated the First and Fourteenth Amendemnts.
COX et al. v. NEW HAMPSHIRE
Decided:
Whether a state law prohibiting a parade or procession on a public street without a special license violates the First Amendment.
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR et al. v. SWING et al.
Decided:
Is the constitutional guarantee of freedom of discussion infringed by the common law policy of a state forbidding resort to peaceful persuasion through picketing merely because there is no immediate employer-employee dispute?
CARLSON v. CALIFORNIA
Decided:
THORNHILL v. ALABAMA
Decided:
Whether an anti-picketing statute violated the First Amendment.
SCHNEIDER v. NEW JERSEY
Decided:
Whether a city ordinance mandating a permit to canvass or distribute circulars violated the First Amendment's freedom of speech
HAGUE, MAYOR, et al. v. COMMITTEE FOR INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION et al.
Decided:
Whether a city ordinance that forbade public assembly in the streets or parks of the city without a permit is an unconstitutional violation of the First and Fourteenth Amendments freedoms of speech and assembly.
STROMBERG v. CALIFORNIA
Decided:
Does a California statute that makes the display of a red flag as a statement of "opposition to organized government" violate the First & Fourteenth Amendments?
DAVIS v. MASSACHUSETTS
Decided:
Whether a city can prohibit an individual from preaching on a citys common without a permit from the mayor.