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Tennessee Lawmakers, Anti-Porn Advocates Demand Censorship of UT Sex Week

Last month, my colleague Will Creeley urged Tennessee state legislators to reject a proposed bill that would cut off all funding for outside speakers at the state鈥檚 public universities. Torch readers might recall that the bill came amidst criticism of the University of Tennessee鈥檚 (UT鈥檚) 鈥淪ex Week鈥濃攁n event whose funding was threatened last year, too. Now some state lawmakers are calling UT鈥檚 decision not to shut the event down 鈥渦nacceptable鈥 and warning that the if the school doesn鈥檛 take action. A group of petitioners is even asking UT to institute a system of 鈥攁 grave mistake that would be a disaster for UT, its students, and the First Amendment.

The Times Free Press (Chattanooga, Tenn.) reported that the Tennessee House already , although that statement is not binding on the university. And so far, UT administrators have defended the event, explaining that the purpose of Sex Week is to educate students on a range of issues relating to sexual health, such as sexual assault and safe sex. Frank discussions about sex and sexuality, while perhaps offensive to some, are fully protected by the First Amendment. This is true regardless of whether Sex Week organizers aim to 鈥,鈥 as critics of the event argue. Opponents of the viewpoints expressed in and by Sex Week events are of course free to hold their own events to get their message out鈥攅ven if some Sex Week proponents would deem their ideas 鈥渞adical鈥 in turn.

Sadly, this isn鈥檛 the first time FIREhas seen state legislators attempt to threaten or coerce a university into punishing speakers because of the content or viewpoint of their expression. Just last October, some Kansas state legislators said that they would not vote for the University of Kansas鈥 budget if KU Professor David Guth was not fired for controversial but constitutionally protected tweets from his personal Twitter account. As I wrote then, legislative efforts to silence viewpoints legislators dislike undermine the very purpose of universities and must be strongly opposed by all who truly care about the First Amendment and the marketplace of ideas on campus.

A group outside the legislature is also calling for censorship. called Sex Week programming 鈥渄isgusting鈥 and asked UT to investigate programming in advance to determine whether it might be in violation of state obscenity laws. , the founder of the group, even argued that UT 鈥渋s potentially violating Tennessee law by not reviewing the content of 鈥楽ex Week鈥 in depth and materials brought by those invited.鈥 Actually, the contrary is true: Not only is UT not required to pre-approve Sex Week presentations, such a system would almost certainly raise serious constitutional problems and would create a much larger liability risk than simply allowing Sex Week with minimal oversight.

As the U.S. Supreme Court has held, there is a 鈥溾 of prior restraints on expression, and any system of prior review must include procedural safeguards in order to ensure that they are not abused to effect unconstitutional censorship. (See Bantam Books, Inc. v. Sullivan (1963) and Freedman v. Maryland (1965) for more about this doctrine.) UT鈥檚 policies regarding speech are some of the nation鈥檚 finest, but universities have shown time and again that when they do maintain policies that allow for content- or viewpoint-based censorship, those policies will very likely be abused. However you look at it, UT has made the correct decision in declining to enact a system of prior review.

In any event, whether the material presented during Sex Week would meet the exacting criteria for unprotected obscenity set forth by the Supreme Court in Miller v. California (1973) is dubious at best. The Court held in that case:

A work may be subject to state regulation where that work, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest in sex; portrays, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by the applicable state law; and, taken as a whole, does not have serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.

The schedule for this year鈥檚 Sex Week is detailed on the and comprises a series of seminars, demonstrations, and exhibits with relevant topics of discussion鈥攁lmost certainly satisfying Miller鈥檚 鈥渓iterary, artistic, political, or scientific value鈥 prong. Indeed, it鈥檚 not clear whether any of the events even involve explicit depictions of sex.

Also noteworthy is this question posed by Leeper: 鈥淚f [Sex Week participants] want to exercise their free speech, why don't they speak up for girls who are trafficked because of porn addictions?鈥 This argument is an old, hackneyed red herring. Freedom of speech doesn鈥檛 require individuals to say any particular thing simply because someone else would like them to do so. Obviously, Leeper is free to request that Sex Week organizers incorporate her point of view, and Girls Against Porn and Human Trafficking is free to invite people to its own events. But Leeper鈥檚 question is disingenuous and betrays a fundamental lack of understanding of how a free society works. Perhaps some expansion on one of The Torch鈥檚 often-cited ideas is needed here: The best solution to speech with which one disagrees is more speech by the person who disagrees, not compelled additional speech (and, of course, not censorship). If we want the best arguments to be put forward, they need to be put forward by those who believe what they鈥檙e saying, not mouthed by others on pain of punishment.

Here鈥檚 the bottom line: Those who object to Sex Week鈥攚hether legislators or advocates against pornography鈥攕hould counter the event鈥檚 programming with their own, rather than calling for censorship.

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